1600 – San Marino, the longest independent land locked nation in Europe, adopts its written constitution.
1871— Thanks to Mrs. O’Leary’s cow knocking over a lantern in her barn (so they say), the Great Chicago Fire erupts destroying four square miles of the city, killing about 250 people and displacing 90,000.
1918 – In France’s Argonne Forest, United States Corporal Alvin C. York almost single-handedly kills 25 German soldiers and captures 132 in an attack during WWI.
1944— “The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet” debuts on CBS Radio.
1945— President Harry S. Truman reveals the the US would only share the science behind the Atomic Bomb with Britain and Canada.
1970— Soviet author Alexander Solzhenitsyn wins the Nobel Prize for literature.
2001 – President George W. Bush creates the Office of Homeland Security.
2004— Martha Stewart begins her jail sentence for insider trading.